Highly active men report better sexual function/performance than less active men, though less active men were not found to have ED or sexual dysfunction.
new study finds that men >65 with low libido and Testosterone levels < 275 increase sexual function with Testosterone therapy. Only libido was improved; no benefit to erectile function was noted--note that is likely due to depleted NO. Given time that should improve with he increase in NO synthase and thus NO. I have a fault with on elf the comments on this study: they point out that increased free Testosterone and estradiol levels were associated with improved sexual activity. This lacks an understanding of the physiology. In men with low T > 65, the majority are dealing with inflammation and excess weight; all of which increase aromatase activity and thus estradiol activity. This does not indicate that an increase in estradiol activity is associated with improved libido in men. How can elevated estrogen levels lead to low T and then increase levels are associated with improved libido? This is merely a reflection of the body's dysfunctional physiology. This observation of increased estradiol by no means shows cause and effect. Scientists need to due a better job in vetting what they write!
Meta-analysis finds bias in industry studies versus independent studies. No surprise there. Testosterone in this meta-analysis was found to aid sexual dysfunction in men with hypogonadism.
Studies have shown that ED may be an early biomarker of general endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis and CVD
testosterone treatment of hypogonadal young and older men improves sexual function, increases lean mass and decreases fat mass
In men with low serum testosterone (for example, <8 or 230 nmol l−1) with obesity, metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus, treatment with testosterone is warranted
In obese middle-aged men, testosterone treatment reduced visceral adipocity, insulin resistance, serum cholesterol and glucose levels
testosterone replacement has a favorable impact on body mass, insulin secretion and sensitivity, lipid profile and blood pressure in hypogonadal men with the metabolic syndrome as well as type 2 diabetes mellitus
Testosterone significantly inhibits lipoprotein lipase activity, which reduces triglycerides uptake into adipocytes in the abdominal adipose tissue
testosterone treatment decreased endogenous inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α and IL-1β) and lipids (total cholesterol) and increased IL-10 in hypogonadal men
Testosterone treatment reduced leptin and adiponectin levels in hypogonadal type 2 diabetic men after 3 months of testosterone replacement
available data clearly show a relationship between obesity, low testosterone levels and ED
Obesity adversely affects endothelial function and lowers serum testosterone levels through the development of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome
Metabolic disturbances as well as production of cytokines and adipokines by inflamed fat cells may be causal factors in the development of ED
The onset of ED and the associated risk of CVD may be delayed through lifestyle modifications that affect obesity, such as diet and exercise
Very low testosterone levels contribute to the development of ED in obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus
Obesity is associated with low total testosterone levels that can be explained at least partially by lower sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) in obese men
epidemiological studies have shown a negative correlation between BMI and total testosterone and to a lesser extent with free and bioavailable (biologically active) testosterone levels
Pharma Sust 250mg injections treat hypogonadism disorders in men, after the illness, impotence due to lack of hormones, menstrual symptoms in men such as reducing sexual pleasure and physiological activities.
Side effects:
The drug can cause erectile dysfunction, signs of excessive sexual stimulation, reduced sperm count, decreased volume of ejaculation, water & salt retention.
In pre-puberty boys: develop sex early, increase the frequency of erectile dysfunction, enlargement of the penis, and early growth of bone heads.
up to 40% of men with T2DM have testosterone deficiency
Among diabetic patients, a reduction in sex hormone binding globulin levels induced by insulin resistance leads to a further decline of testosterone levels
low bioavailable testosterone concentration was related to decreased lean body mass and muscle strength
Testosterone deficiency has a high prevalence in men with T2DM, and it is also associated with impaired insulin sensitivity, increased percentage body fat, central obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases (CVD)
A meta-analysis of four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) showed that TRT seemed to improve glycemic control as well as fat mass in T2DM subjects with low testosterone levels and sexual dysfunction.
testosterone administration could increase muscle mass and strength
Insulin stimulates glucose uptake into muscle and adipose tissue via the Glut4 glucose transporter isoform. When insulin activates signaling via the insulin receptor, Glut4 interacts with insulin receptor substrate 1 to initialize intracellular signaling and facilitate glucose transportation into the cell
The benefits of TRT on glucose metabolism can mainly be explained by its influence on the insulin signaling pathway
Insulin resistance as assessed by, which is calculated from the equation (If*Gf/22.5, where If is fasting insulin and Gf is fasting glucose), was definitely improved by TRT after testosterone administration in three studies
Testosterone was observed to elevate the expression levels and stimulate translocation of Glut4 in cultured skeletal muscle cells and to upregulate Glut4 by activating insulin receptor signaling pathways in neonatal rats
These effects were inhibited by a dihydrotestosterone (DHT) blocker, indicating that glucose uptake may correlate with conversion of testosterone to DHT and activation of the androgen receptor.
TRT reduced triglyceride levels
TRT has been reported to have a positive effect in the decrease of total and LDL cholesterol levels and triglycerides in hypogonadal men
a recent meta-analysis showed that statins could significantly lower testosterone concentrations.
Epidemiological studies have found a negative relationship between testosterone levels and typical cardiovascular risk markers, such as body mass index, waist circumference, visceral adiposity and carotid intima-media thickness.
Testosterone treatment was shown to raise hemoglobin, hematocrit and thromboxane, all of which might give rise to CVD
Low Testosterone is a very significant problem in men with type II Diabetes. Estimated to reach 40%, likely much higher. They based these estimates only on T levels and sexual symptoms.
Testosterone improves glycemic control primarily through Increased transcription and transloction of GLUT4 insulin receptors to the cell surface. Inflammation reduction is also a mechanism. Testosteorne lowers Triglycerides in the traditional lipid profile. Studies are mixed on the other aspects of lipids.
Hypogonadism and MetS are strongly associated [12, 13, 16], having even been demonstrated that with the increasing number of MetS parameters there is a proportional raise in the incidence of hypogonadism
increasing number of MetS components is inversely associated with T levels
the presence of MetS did not prove to be a significant determinant of hypogonadism, as it did not lead to a decline in T levels, in MetS patients with already established hypogonadism, the increasing number of MetS features was associated with further decline in T
In the setting of MetS, hypertriglyceridemia and increased WC have been reported as the most important determinants of hypogonadism
recent literature consistently associates obesity not only with higher risk of hypogonadism [4, 6, 27] but also with lower T levels
Visceral adiposity has been particularly related with reduction of T and SHBG levels (independent of other metabolic disorders)
WC was one of the MetS parameters with the greatest influence in T levels decrease, presenting itself as a strong risk factor for hypogonadism development
MetS-related T decline was not accompanied by an increase in pituitary LH levels, suggesting impairment in gonadotropin secretion
The molecules behind this smoothing compensatory effect of GnRH/LH are still unknown, but estrogens and insulin, as well as leptin, TNF-α, and other adipokines, were proposed candidates
fat stores undertake an increase aromatization of androgens, therefore raising estrogen levels [9, 15], which in turn decrease LH secretion
our data contradicts the concept that estradiol exerts a negative feedback on hypothalamic GnRH secretion
taking into account that high estradiol levels have already been described as the only abnormality in a subset of patients with ED, the hypothesis that the later might not only be caused by androgen deficiency is becoming increasingly evident
it has been reported that the chronic exposure to phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5i), widely used for the treatment of ED, may influence serum estradiol levels
thyroid disorders (specially hyperthyroidism) have been related to ED and hypogonadism, and so must be considered in a sexual-dysfunction setting
It is clear from the current literature that collecting a more thorough hormonal panel might be a wise approach to further uncover hormonal relations
outstanding point. This hits to the point that Low T is the effect not the cause.
We concluded that in ED patients with hypogonadism and MetS, the attenuated response of HPG axis (normal or low LH levels) might not always be due to an underlying adiposity-dependent estrogen-raising effect.
our findings indicate that ED, aging, and estradiol might have a stronger connection than what is currently described in the literature.
this study underlines the importance of the collection of a full hormonal panel in ED men
Sex is one of the most significant and pleasurable activities for men and women. Persons don't have sex only to conceive offspring. Why persons extend to have sex after having children? I have renowned numerous persons who relish sex even after the age of seventies so sex has no expiry time.